Daeius lyman and maeshal wheelbe



(No Model.)

D. LYMAN 83 M: WHEELER.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

No. 352,625. Patented Nov. 16. 1886.

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UNITED STATES YPATENT OFFICE.

DARIUS-LYMAN AND'MARSHAL VVHEELER, OF WASHINGT ON, D. O.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patents No. 3521325, datedNovember 16, 1 886.

Application fi ed February 8, 1886. Serial No. 191,25L (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that We, DARIUS LYMAN and MARSHAL WHEELER, of VV-ashington,in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electric Lights; and we do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make anduse it, reference being had to the acconpanying drawings, which formpart of this specification.

Our invention relates to an improvement in electric lamps; and itconsists in the combi- `nation of a suitable holding device or cup, thetwo wires which conduct the current, an amorphous mass of zirconia, ineither a powdered or a solidfied form, and which is placed in a pocket,recess, or cavity in the holder, and into which the ends of the wiresextend, the electric current being made to pass from one wirc throughthe zirconia to the other, as will be'more fully described herenafter.

The object of our invention is to utilize the intense light which isproduced by zirconia when heated by an electric current for illuninatingpurposes.

Figure 1 is avertical longitudinal section of an apparatusembodyingourinvention. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 3 is aplan View of the zirconia disk which is used to close the top or recessin the holder.

A represents a suitable holder or device, which may either be of theconstructon here shown, or any other that may be preferred, and which isperforatcd at both of its ends, so as to allow the platinum wires B topass through it. The holder A is made of platinum or other suitablematerial which will resist the heat, and is insulated from the wires Bbya packing of any suitable material.

At or near the center of the holding device A is made a suitable recess,pocket, or cavity, C, which is filled with amorphous zirconia, either ina powdered or compressed state. The manner of preparing the zirconia, oras to whether it is in a powdered form or is compressed tightly aroundthe points of the wires B, is imnaterial. There should be sufticientzirconia in the pocket or recess C to give an amount of light incomparison to the force of the electric current which is ?passed through.off an intense light.

the two wi'es.B and through the zirconia. If the zirconia is placed in aloose form in the pocket or recess C, it will be securely held theren bythe use of a disk, D, which is also made of zirconia solidified to asuitable eX- tent. each other, the current passes from these wiresthrough the body G of the zirconia, and in the passage of the electrccurrent through this body G it becomes highly heated and throws As theholder A is here shown the pocket or recess is open upon its upper sideonly, and hence the light will be refiected upward if turned in thatdirection, and a reflector of some kind is necessary in orde* to defiectthe light downward and obtain v the best results. If the holder isturned so as to have the open end of the pocket extend in any otherdirection than upward, the light will be projected in that direction inwhich it is desired to throw the light.` The form of the holder hereshown is best adapted for household purposes, for the reason that thelight is thrown upward against the ceiling, and will be refiected backin a soft diffused form,which especially adapts it for use in a room. Asabove stated, however, we do not restrict ourselves to the particularform of holder shown, for that may be varied at will, according to theuse to which it is applied.

By the term amorphous mass" is meant a body of powdered zireonia,whichis placed in a suitable holder without regard to its form.

We are aware that zirconia and carbon have been molded together andwires passed through the body thus formed; but in this case theinvention consists in a mixture of zirconia and car-bon alone. We arealso aware that a molded body of zirconia has had a recess formedtherein, and in these recesses carbons have been placed and then anelectric current passed through both the inclosing body of zirconia andcarbon, and both of these inventions we broadly disclain. i

Having thus described-our invention we claim- 1. In an electric lamp,the combination of the conducting-wires, a suitable holding orconducting device which is applied to the wires, and an amorphous massor body of zrconia, substantially as shown.

2. The combination of a suitable holding or As thetips of the wires D donot touch IOO supporting device having a recess or pocket formedtherein, a body or amorphous mass of zirconia, which is placed in thesaid pocket, and the conducting-wires which pass through the supportingdevice to the pocket formed therein, and which have their ends separatedand surrounded by a mass of zirconia, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a suitable holding or supporting devce providedwith a recess or pocket, an amorphous mass or body of Zirconia, which isplaced in the pocket around the tips or points of the twoconducting-wires, and a. disk, D, of zirconia', placed in the open endof the pocket, substantially asset forth. 4. 'In an electric lanp, thecombination of

